REFERENCES
Asad, A.M., Pullammanappallil, S.K., Anooshehpoor, A. & Louie, J.N.
1999. Inversion of travel-time data for earthquake locations and
three-dimensional velocity structure in the Eureka Valley area, Eastern
California. Bull.Seis Soc.Am., 89, 796.
Ayele, A. 2000. Normal left
oblique-slip fault mechanisms as an indication of sinistral deformation between
Nubia and Somalia in the MER, J.Afri.Earth. Sci, in press.
Ayelew, D.
2000. Origin by fractional crystallization of transitional basalt for the
Asela-Ziway pantellerites. Chem. Geol., 168, 1-3.
Ayenew, T.
1998. The hydrogeological system of the Lake District, Central Main
Ethiopian Rift. PhD thesis, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam.
Baker B.H.,
Mohr, P.A., and Williams, L.A.J., 1972. Geology of the East Africa rift
system, Geol. Soc. America Spec. Paper, 136, 67 pp.
Baker, J., L. Snee,
& Menzies, M. 1996. A brief Oligocene period of flood volcanism
in Yemen, EPSL, 138, 39-55.
Barbiero M.R., Donati C., Donato P., Yirgu G.,
Peccerillo A. & Wu T.W. 1999. Petrology and geochemistry of
Quaternary magmatism in the northern sector of the Ethiopian Rift between Debre
Zeit and Awash Park. Acta Vulcanologica 11, 69-81.
Berckhemer, H., Baier,
B., Bartelson, H., Behle, A., Burkhardt, H., Gebrande, H., Makris,
J., Menzel, H., Miller, H. & Vees, R. 1975 Deep seismic
soundings in the Afar region and on the highland of Ethiopia, in Afar Between
Continental and Oceanic Rifting, edited by A. Pilger and A. Rösler,
Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp.89-107.
Bilham, R., Bendick, R., Larson, K.,
Braun, J., Tesfaye, S., Mohr, P. & Asfaw, L. 1999. Secular and
tidal strain across the Ethiopian rift, Geophys.Res.Letts., 27, 2789-2793.
Birt, C., Maguire, P., Khan, M., Thybo, H., Keller, G. & Patel, J.
1997. The influence of pre-existing structures of the southern Kenya rift
valley: evidence from seismic and gravity studies, Tectonophyics, 278, 211-242.
Blackman, D. & Forsyth, D.W. 1991. Isostatic compensation of
tectonic features of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: 25° - 27°30’ S, J. Geophys. Res.,
96, 11741-11758.
Blackman, D. & Kendall, J.-M. 1997.
Sensitivity of teleseismic body waves to mineral texture and melt in the mantle
beneath a mid-ocean ridge, Phil Trans. R. Soc. London, 355, 217-231.
Blackman D.K., Kendall J.-M., Dawson P.R., Wenk H.R., Boyce D. & Morgan
J.P. 1996. Teleseismic imaging of subaxial flow at mid-ocean ridges:
Traveltime effects of anisotropic mineral texture in the mantle.
Geophys.J.Int., 127, 415- 426.
Boccaletti, M., Mazzuoli, R., Bonini, M.,
Trua, T., and Abebe, B. 1999. Plio-Quaternary volcanotectonic
activity in the northern sector of the Main Ethiopian Rift: relationships with
oblique rifting. J. African Earth. Sci., 29, 679-698.
Bonjer, K.-P., Fuchs,
K., and Wohlenberg, J. 1970. Crustal structures of the East African
rift system from spectral response ratios of long period body waves. Z.
Geophysics, 36, 287-297.
Boutilier, R. & Keen, C. 1999.
Small-scale convection and divergent plate boundaries, J.Geophys.Res., 104,
7389-7403.
Braile, L.W., Wang, B., Daudt, C.R., Keller, G.R., and Patel,
J.P. 1994. Modelling the 2-D seismic velocity structure across the
Kenya rift. In: C. Prodehl, G.R. Keller, and M.A. Khan (Editors), Crustal
and upper mantle structure of the Kenya rift. Tectonophysics, 236: 251-269.
Burkhardt, H., and Vees, R. 1975a. The Afar 1972 seismic source
signals: generation, control and comparison with profile records in Afar Between
Continental and Oceanic Rifting, edited by A. Pilger and A. Rösler,
Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 108-113.
Burkhardt, H., and Vees, R.
1975b. Explosions in shallow water for deep seismic sounding
experiments. J. Geophys., 41, 463-474.
Chen, L.-S., Booker, J.R.,
Jones, A.G., Wu, N., Unsworth, M.J., Wei, W.-B., and Tan, H.-D.
1996. Electrically conductive crust in southern Tibet from INDEPTH
magnetotelluric surveying. Science, 274, 1694-1696.
Chernet, T., and
Hart, W.K. 1999. Petrology and geochemistry of volcanism in the
northern Main Ethiopian Rift – southern Afar transition region. Acta
Vulcanologica, 11, 21-41.
Cogbill, A. H., 1990, Gravity terrain corrections
calculated using digital elevation models: Geophysics, 55, 102-106.
Conticelli, S., Sintoni, M.F., Abebe, T., Mazzarini, F., Manetti, P.
1999. Petrology and geochemistry of ultramafic xenoliths and host lavas
from the Ethiopian volcanic province: an insight into the upper mantle under
eastern Africa. Acta Vulcanologica, 11, 143-159.
Davidson, A., and
Rex, D. 1980. Age of volcanism and rifting in southwestern Ethiopia.
Nature, 283: 657-658.
Driscoll, N.W. & Karner, G.D. 1998. Lower
crustal extension across the Northern Carnarvon basin, Australia: Evidence for
an eastward dipping detachment. J Geophys.Res., 103, 4975-4991.
Dunbar, J. & Sawyer, D. 1989. Three-dimensional dynamical
model of continental rift propagation and margin formation. J.Geophys.Res., 101,
27845-27863.
Ebinger, C.J. 1989. Tectonic development and the
western branch of the East African rift system. Geol. Soc. of Am. Bull.,
101, 885-903.
Ebinger and Casey, 2001. Continental break-up in
magmatic provinces: an Ethiopian example. Geology, 29, 527-530
Ebinger
C.J. and Ibrahim A. 1994. Multiple episodes of rifting in Central
and East Africa: A re-evaluation of gravity data. Geol. Rundsch. 83,
689-702.
Ebinger, C. and Sleep, N. 1998 Cenozoic magmatism
throughout E Africa resulting from impact of a single plume. Nature, 395,
788-791.
Ebinger, C.J., Bechtel, T.D., Forsyth, D.W., and Bowin, C., 1989a.
Effective elastic plate thickness beneath the East African and Afar plateaux and
dynamic compensation of the uplifts. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 2893-2901.
Ebinger, C.J. 1989b. Geometric and kinematic development of border faults
and accommodation zones, Kivu-Rusizi rift, Africa, Tectonics, 8, 117-133.
Ebinger, C., T. Yemane, D. Harding, S. Tesfaye, D. Rex, S. Kelley, Rift
deflection, migration, and propagation: Linkage of the Ethiopian and
Eastern rifts, Africa, Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 102, 163-176, 2000.
Fedi, M.
and Florio, G., 2001, Detection of potential fields source boundaries by
enhanced horizontal derivative method: Geophys. Prosp., 49, 40-58
Fliedner,
M.M., S. Ruppert, and SSCD Working Group. 1996. Three-dimensional
crustal structure of the southern Sierra Nevada from seismic fan profiles and
gravity modelling. Geology, 24, 367-370.
Fliedner, M.M., S.L.
Klemperer, and N. Christensen. 2001. Three-dimensional seismic model
of the Sierra Nevada arc, California, and its implications for crustal and upper
mantle composition. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 10,899-10,921.
Furman T., Bryce
J., Karson J., & Iotti A. 2001. Geochemistry of Quaternary mafic lavas from
Turkana, Kenya: evidence for a common plume source beneath the East African Rift
System. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, submitted
Gasparon M.,
Innocenti F., Manetti P., Peccerillo A. & Tsegaye A. 1993. Genesis of the
Pliocene to Recent bimodal mafic-felsic volcanism in the Debre Zeit area,
central Ethiopia: volcanological and geochemical constraints. J. African Earth
Sci. 17, 145-165.
Gouin, P., and Mohr, P., 1964, Gravity traverses in
Ethiopia: Bull. Geophys. Obs. Addis Ababa, v. 7, 339-358.
Gregory, J.W.,
1896. The Great Rift Valley. John Murray, London, 405 pp.
Gregory, J.W.,
1921. The Rift Valleys and Geology of East Africa. Seeley, London, 479 pp.
Hammer, S., 1939, Terrain corrections for gravimeter stations: Geophysics,
4, 184-194.
Hart, W, WoldeGabriel, G., Walter, R. & Metrzmann, S. 1989.
Basaltic volcanism in Ethiopia: Constraints on continental rifting and mantle
interactions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94, 7731-7748.
Hay, D.E.,
R.F. Wendlandt, and G.R. Keller, 1995, The origin of Kenya rift Plateau-type
flood phonolites: Integrated petrologic and geophysical constraints on the
evolution of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Kenya rift: Journal of
Geophysical Research, 100, 10,549-10,557.
Hayward, N. & Ebinger, C. 1996
Variations in the along-axis segmentation of the Afar rift system, Tectonics,
15, 244-257.
Hebert, L. & Langston, C.A. 1985 Crustal thickness
estimates at AAE and NAI using teleseismic P-wave conversions, Tectonophysics,
111, 299-327.
Hebert, H., Deplus, C., Huchon, P. & Khanbari, K. 2000
Lithospheric structure of the nascent west Gulf of Aden spreading center
inferred from gravity data, J.Geophys.Res., (in press).
Holbrook, W. &
Kelemen, P. 1993 Large igneous province on the US Atlantic margin and
implications for magmatism during breakup, Nature, 364, 433-436.
Jackson, J.
& Blenkinsop, T. 1997 The Bilila-Mtakataka fault in Malawi: An active,
100-km long, normal fault segment in thick seismogenic crust. Tectonics, 16,
137-150.
Jacob, A.W.B., Vees, R., Braile, L.W., and Criley, E.
Optimization of widse-angle seismic signal-to-noise ratios and P-wave
transmission in Kenya. Tectonophysics, 236, 61-79.
Jentzsch, G.,
Mahatsente, R., & Jahr, T. 2000. Three dimensional inversion of
gravity data from the Main Ethiopian Rift. Phys. Chem. Earth (A), v. 25,
365-373.
Kebede, S., Ayenew, T., and Umer, Mohammed. 2001.
Application of isotope and watyer balance approaches for the study of the
hydrogeological regime of the Bishoftu crater lakes, central Ethiopia.
SINET: Ethiopian Journal of Science, in press.
Keller, G.R., Khan, M.A.,
Morgan, P., Wendlandt, R.F., Baldridge, W.S., Olsen, K.H., Prodehl, C., and
Braile, L.W., 1991. A comparative study of the Rio Grande and Kenya rifts. In:
AR Gangi (Editor), World rift systems. Tectonophysics, 197: 355-372.
Keller,
G.R., Mechie, J., Braile, L.W., Mooney, W.D. and Prodehl, C., 1994a. Seismic
structure of the uppermost mantle beneath the Kenya Rift. In: C. Prodehl, G.R.
Keller and M.A. Khan (Editors), Crustal and upper mantle structure of the Kenya
rift. Tectonophysics, 236: 201-216.
Keller, G. R., C. Prodehl, J. Mechie, K.
Fuchs, M. A. Khan, P. K. H Maguire, W. D. Mooney, U. Achauer, P. M. Davis, R. P.
Meyer, L. W. Braile, I. O. Nyambok, & G. A. Thompson, 1994b, The East
African rift system in the light of KRISP 90, in Crustal and Upper Mantle
Structure of the Kenya Rift, C. Prodehl, G. R. Keller and M. A. Khan (eds.),
Tectonophysics, v. 236, p. 465-483.
Knox, R., Nyblade, A. & Langston, C.
1999 Upper mantle S velocities beneath Afar and western Saudi Arabia from
Rayleigh wave dispersion, Geophys.Res.Letts., 25, 4233-4236.
Kusznir, N.,
Karner, G. & Egan, S. 1987 Geometric, thermal, and isostatic consequences of
detachments in continental lithosphere extension and basin formation, Can.
Soc.Pet.Geol.Mem., 12, 184-203.
Logatchev N.A., Zorin Y.A. & Rogozhina,
V.A. 1983. Baikal rift: Active or passive? Comparison of the Baikal and Kenya
rift zones. Tectonophysics 94, 223-240.
Macdonald R., 1994. Petrological
evidence regarding evolution of the Kenya Rift Valley. Tectonophysics 236,
373-390.
Maguire, P.K.H., Birt, C.S., Denton, P., Thybo, H. & Khan, M.A.
1998 Experiment design to study crust and upper mantle processes occurring
during continental extension: a seismic survey in the Kenya Rift. Proc.
1997 CCSS Workshop Cambridge, UK. Conf.Proc. 1, 83-96.
Mahatsente, R.,
Jentzsch, G., Jahr, T., 1999, Crustal structure of the main Ethiopian rift
gravity data: 3-dimensional modeling: Tectonophysics, v. 313, 363-382.
Mahatsente, R., Jentzsch, G., Jahr, T., 2000, Three-dimensional inversion of
gravity data from the main Ethiopian rift: J. African Earth Sci., v. 31,
451-466.
Makovsky, Y. & Klemperer, S. 1999 Measuring the seismic
properties of Tibetan bright spots: evidence for aqueous fluids in the Tibetan
crust, J.Geophys.Res., 104, 10795-10825.
Makris, J. & Ginzberg, A. 1987
The Afar depression: transition between continental rifting and sea-floor
spreading. In: Ben Avrahem, Z.(ed.) Sedimentary Basins within the Dead Sea and
Other Rift Zones. Tectonophysics,141, 199-214.
Makris, J., Thiele, P., and
Zimmerman, J., 1970, Crustal investigation from gravity measurements at the
scarp of the Ethiopian Plateau: Z. Geophys., v. 36, 299-311.
Makris, J.,
Menzel, H., and Zimmerman, J., 1972, A preliminary interpretation of the gravity
field of afar, northeast Ethiopia: Tectonophysics, v. 15, 31-39.
Makris, J.,
Mohr, P., and Rihm, R., 1991. Red Sea: Birth and Earth History of a New Oceanic
Basin. Tectonophysics, 198: 1-468.
Mechie, J., Keller, G.R., Prodehl, C.,
Gaciri, S., Braile, L.W., Mooney, W.D., Gajewski, D. and Sandmeier, K.-J., 1994.
Crustal structure beneath the Kenya Rift from axial profile data. In: C.
Prodehl, G.R. Keller and M.A. Khan (Editors), Crustal and upper mantle structure
of the Kenya rift. Tectonophysics, 236: 179-200.
Menzies, M., Gallagher, K.,
Yelland, A. & Hurford, A. 1997 Volcanic and non-volcanic rifted margins of
the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 61, 2511-2527.
Menzies, M.A., Ebinger, C.J., Klemperer, S.L. and Baker, J. 2002, in
press. Characteristics of volcanic rifted margins. In: “Magmatic
rifted margins”, M.A. Menzies, J. Baker, C.J. Ebinger, and S.L. Klemperer, eds.
Geol. Soc. Am. Special Paper.
Mohr, P., 1978. Afar. Ann. Rev. Earth. Planet.
Sci. 6: 145-172.
Mohr, P., 1983. Ethiopian flood basalt province, Nature,
303:577-583.
Mohr, P., 1987. Patterns of faulting in the Ethiopian rift
valley. Tectonophysics, 143: 169-179.
Mohr, P., 1989. The nature of the
crust under Afar-. New igneous, not stretched continental. Tectonophysics, 167:
1-11.
Mohr, P., 1992. Nature of the crust beneath magmatically active
continental rifts. Tectonophysics, 213: 269-284.
Mohr, P., and Rogers, A.,
1966, Gravity traverses in Ethiopia: Bull. Geophys. Obs. Addis Ababa, 10, 15-52.
Mohr, P., and Zanettin, B., 1988. The Ethiopian flood basalt province. In:
“Continental Flood Basalts”, edited by J.D. Macdougall, Kluwer Academic
Publishers, 63-110.
Moore, J.M. and A. Davidson, 1978. Rift structure in
southern Ethiopia. Tectonophysics, 46: 159-173.
Morley, C.K., Wescott, W.A.,
Stone, D.M., Harper, R.M., Wigger, S.T., and Karanja, F.M., 1992. Tectonic
evolution of the northern Kenyan rift. J. Geol. Soc. Lond., 149: 333-348.
Morten, L., De Francesco, A.M., Bonavia, F.F., Haileselassie, G., Bargossi,
G.M., and Bondi, M. 1992. A new mantle xenolith locality from southern
Ethiopia. Mineralogical Magazine, 56, 422-425.
Petit, C., &
Ebinger, C. 2000 Flecure and mechanical behavior of cratonic lithosphere:
gravity models of the East African and Baikal rifts. J. Geophys. Res.,
105, 19151-19162.
Phipps-Morgan, J., & Chen, J. 1993 Dependence of
ridge-axis morphology on magma supply and spreading rate, Nature, 364, 706-708.
Pickup, S.L.B., Whitmarsh, R.B., Fowler, C.M.R. & Reston, T.J. 1996
Insight into the nature of the ocean-continent transition off west Iberia from a
deep multichannel seismic reflection profile. Geology, 24, 1079-1082.
Pik
R., Deniel C., Coulon C., Yirgu G. & Marty B. 1999. Isotopic and trace
element signatures of Ethiopian flood basalts; evidence for plume-lithosphere
interactions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 63, 2263-2279.
Poliakov, A., &
Buck, R. 1998 Mechanics of stretching elastic-plastic-viscous
layers: Applications to slow-spreading ridges, Geophys. Un. Mono., 106,
Amer. Geophys. Un., Washington, DC.
Prodehl, C., and Mechie, J., 1991.
Crustal thinning in relationship to the evolution of the Afro-Arabian rift
system - a review of seismic-refraction data. In: Makris, J., P. Mohr, and R.
Rihm, (Editors), Red Sea: Birth and early history of a new oceanic basin.
Prodehl, C., Keller, G.R., and Khan, M.A., (Editors) 1994a. Tectonophysics,
Special vol. 236, Elsevier.
Prodehl, C., Mechie, J., Achauer, U., Keller,
G.R., Khan, M.A., Mooney, W.D., Gaciri, S.J., and Obel, J.D. 1994b.
The KRISP 90 seismic experiment – a technical review. Tectonophysics, 236,
33-60.
Roger, S., Dautri, J.-M., Coulon, C., Pik, R., Yirgu, G., Michard,
A., Legros, P., and Ayalew, D. 1999. An insoght on the nature,
composition and evolution of the lithospheriuc mantle beneath the northwestern
Ethiopian plateau: the ultrabasic xenoliths from the Lake Tana Province. Acta
Vulcanologica, 11, 161-168.
Rogers N., Macdonald R., Fitton J.G., George R.,
Smith M. & Barreiro B., 2000. Two mantle plumes beneath the East African
rift system: Sr, Nd and Pb isotope evidence from Kenya Rift basalts. Earth
Planet. Sci. Lett., 176, 387-400.
Rubin, A. 1992 Dike-induced faulting and
graben subsidence in volcanic rift zones, J.Geophys.Res., 97, 1839-1858.
Ruegg, J-C. 1975 Main results about the crustal and upper mantle
structure of the Djibouti region TFAI, in Afar Between Continental and Oceanic
Rifting, edited by A. Pilger and A. Rösler, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart. pp.89-107,
Schilling, J. G., Kingsley, R.H., Hanan, B.B & McCully, B.L. 1992
Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic variations along the Gulf of Aden: evidence for Afar mantle
plume- continental lithosphere interaction. J.Geophys.Res. 97,
10927-10966.
Searle, R.C. 1975. The dispersion of surface waves across
southern Afar. in Afar Between Continental and Oceanic Rifting, edited by A.
Pilger and A. Rösler, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 113-120.
Searle, R., and
Gouin, P., 1972, A gravity survey of the central part of the Ethiopian rift
valley: Tectonophysics, v. 15, 41-42.
Simiyu, S. M. and G. R. Keller, 1997,
An integrated analysis of lithospheric structure across the East African Plateau
based on gravity anomalies and recent seismic studies: Tectonophysics, v. 278,
p. 291-313.
Simpson, F. 2000, A three-dimensional electromagnetic
model of the southern Kenya rift: departure from two dimensionality as a
possible consequence of a rotating stress field. J. Geophys. Res., 105,
19321-19334.
Taylor, B., Goodliffe, A. & Martinez, F. 1999 How
continents break up: Insights from Papua New Guinea, J.Geophys.Res.,104, 7497.
Teklay, M., Kröner, A., Mezger, K., & Oberhansli, R. 1998 Geochemistry,
Pb-Pb single zircon ages and Nd-Sr isotope composition of Precambrian rocks from
southern and eastern Ethiopia, J. Afri. Earth Sci., 26, 207-222.
Thurber,
C.H. 1983 Earthquake locations and three-dimensional crustal structure in the
Coyote Lake areas, central California. J.Geophys.Res. 88, 8226-8236.
Trua,
T., Deniel, C., Mazzuoli, R. 1999. Crustal control in the genesis of
Plio-Quaternary bimodal magmatism of the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER): geochemical
and isotopic (Sr, Nd, Pb) evidences. Chem. Geol., 155, 201-231.
VanDecar, J. C. 1991 Upper mantle structure of the Cascadia subduction zone
from non-linear teleseismic travel-time inversion. PhD thesis Univ. of
Washington, Seattle.
White, R & McKenzie, D. 1989 Magmatism at Rift
Zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts.
J.Geophys Res., 94, 7685-7729.
Williams, L.A.J., 1982. Physical aspects of
magmatism in continental rifts, Am. Geophys. Un., Geodyn. Ser., 8: 193-222.
WoldeGabriel, G., 1987. Volcanotectonic history of the central sector of the
Main Ethiopian Rift: A geochronological, geochemical and petrological approach
(Ph.D. Thesis), Case Western Reserve University, 410 pp.
WoldeGabriel, G.,
and Aronson, J.L., 1987. Chow Bahir rift: A "failed" rift in southern Ethiopia.
Geology, 15: 430-433.
WoldeGabriel, G., Aronson, J. & Walter, R. 1990.
Tectonic development of the Main Ethiopian rift, Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull, 102,
439-458.
WoldeGabriel, G., Yemane, T., Suwa, G., White, T., and Asfaw, B.,
1991. Age of volcanism and rifting in the Burji-Soyoma area, Amarco Horst,
southern Main Ethiopian Rift: geo- and biochronologic data. J. African Earth
Sci., 13: 437-447.
Zelt, C.A. 1999 Modelling strategies and model
assessment for wide-angle seismic traveltime data. Geophys. J. Int.,
139,183-204.
RETURN to EAGLE proposal
RETURN to Simon Klemperer's Home page
Last updated 5/02